# Patient Demographics

General demographic characteristics are important to record for each patient being investigated or treated for COVID-19. Relevant patient demographics, which can be recorded using SNOMED CT includes:

* Biological sex
* Gender identity
* Marital or partnership status
* Nationality
* Ethnic group
* Racial group
* Occupation
* Travel history
* Residential location type
* Next of kin relationship
* Living arrangements
* Care and support circumstances

These data elements are described below, with example SNOMED CT subsets for each.

<figure><img src="/files/1AsbIsDkHDD7rTU8Euzy" alt="" width="188"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Sex and Gender

Multiple types of sex and/or gender are recorded in clinical practice, including biological sex and gender identity. 1

SNOMED CT supports the distinction between biological sex (e.g. [248152002 |Female (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/248152002) ) and gender identity (e.g. [703118005 |Feminine gender (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/703118005) ), as shown in the two subset definitions below.

**CV19-PAT- BiologicalSex**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [429019009 |Finding related to biological sex (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/429019009)\
MINUS << [302081005 |Finding of sex of baby (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/302081005)

**CV19-PAT- GenderIdentity**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [365873007 |Gender finding (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/365873007)

## Marital or Partnership Status

The marital or partnership status of a patient describes their legal, civil or personal relationship with their significant other, for example [87915002 | Married (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/87915002) .

**CV19-PAT- MaritalOrPartnershipStatus**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [365581002 |Finding of marital or partnership status (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/365581002)

## Nationality

Nationality refers to a particular legal relationship between an individual person and a *sovereign state*. The nationality of a patient may refer to the nation in which they were born, have citizenship, or have other legal ties - for example [223610001 | Jordan (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223610001) or [223625001 | New Zealand (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223625001) .

**CV19-PAT- Nationality**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [223369002 |Country (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223369002)

## Ethnic Group

The ethnic group (or ethnicity) of a patient is the social or cultural group with whom they identify - for example, [33897005 |Chinese (ethnic group)|](http://snomed.info/id/33897005) or [735001008 |Scandinavian (ethnic group)|](http://snomed.info/id/735001008) .

**CV19-PAT- EthnicGroup**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [372148003 |Ethnic group (ethnic group)|](http://snomed.info/id/372148003)

## Racial Group

The racial group (or race) of a patient is the group (or groups) with whom they share inherited physical characteristics - for example, [414408004 |Hispanic (racial group)|](http://snomed.info/id/414408004) or [413773004 |Caucasian (racial group)|](http://snomed.info/id/413773004) .

**CV19-PAT- RacialGroup**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [415229000 |Racial group (racial group)|](http://snomed.info/id/415229000)

## Occupation

Occupation is the patient's job or profession - for example, [158942005 | Residential child care worker (occupation)|](http://snomed.info/id/158942005) or [308223007 | Hairdresser (occupation)|](http://snomed.info/id/308223007) .

**CV19-PAT- Occupation**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [14679004 |Occupation (occupation)|](http://snomed.info/id/14679004)

## Travel History

The travel history of a patient is a record of their past visits to locations both inside and outside their country of residence. This may include a list of the specific countries and/or regions that they have travelled to (e.g. [223498002 | Africa (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223498002) or [223585008 | South east Asian country (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223585008) ), or a descriptive travel history finding (e.g. [161090005 | Travel abroad for business (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/161090005) ).

**CV19-PAT-TravelHistory**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [223496003 |Geographical and/or political region of the world (geographic location)|](http://snomed.info/id/223496003)\
OR < [365457007 |Foreign travel history finding (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/365457007)\
OR < [420008001 |Travel (event)|](http://snomed.info/id/420008001)

## Residential Location Type

The residential location type is the type of place in which the patient is currently living, or was living prior to admission to hospital - for example, [257564005 | Apartment (environment)|](http://snomed.info/id/257564005) or [257670006 | Private house (environment)|](http://snomed.info/id/257670006) .

**CV19-PAT- ResidentialLocationType**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [272497004 |Residential environment (environment)|](http://snomed.info/id/272497004)

## Next of Kin Relationship

The next of kin relationship is the relationship that the patient has with their closest living relative (as chosen by the patient) - for example [444053001 | Husband of subject (person)|](http://snomed.info/id/444053001) or [444301002 | Mother of subject (person)|](http://snomed.info/id/444301002) .

**CV19-PAT- NextOfKinRelationship**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [444148008 |Person in family of subject (person)|](http://snomed.info/id/444148008)

## Living Arrangements

The living arrangements of the patient describes the familial and non-familial relationships of a person to all the other people with whom they usually reside - for example [105529008 | Lives alone (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/105529008) or [224133007 | Lives with family (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/224133007) .

**CV19-PAT- LivingArrangements**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [365481000 |Finding of household composition (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/365481000)

## Care and Support Circumstances

The care and support circumstances of the patient describe how and by whom they are looked after when living at their usual place of residence - for example [427454004 | Cared for by neighbors (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/427454004) or [301887005 | Needs assistance at home (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/301887005) .

**CV19-PAT- CareAndSupportCircumstances**\
**Intensional Definition** : < [365483002 |Finding related to care and support circumstances and networks (finding)|](http://snomed.info/id/365483002)

***

**Footnotes**

1 <https://confluence.hl7.org/display/VOC/The+Gender+Harmony+Project>


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